PubMed Further authors are very much thankful to the Director, ICAR-IIVR, Varanasi for facilitating to conducting the research and for funding publication charges. Trees were generated with 1000 bootstrap replications using neighbour joining method in MEGA 7.0 software. Arch Virol 157:483495, Zhou XP, Liu YL, Robinson DJ, Harrison BD (1998) Four DNA-A variants among Pakistai isolates of Cotton leaf curl virus and their affinities to DNA-A of geminivirus isolates from okra. 108(4), 367371 (2002). In general, the incidence of Begomovirus was higher in all the zones irrespective of the cucurbit crops. your institution. This technique assumes that each measured location has a local effect, which reduces with distance by means of the utilization of a power parameter39. Keywords: B.D. 2017;162:18191831. Investigations on annual spreading of viruses infecting cucurbit crops in Uttar Pradesh State, India. Introduction. Crop Prot. The symptoms became severe and hundred per cent plants were infected on 12 and 22days after sap and whitefly transmission, respectively. Establishment of five new genera in the family Geminiviridae: Citlodavirus, Maldovirus, Mulcrilevirus, Opunvirus, and Topilevirus. Careers. Indian Phytopathol 44(4):497499, Muhire B, Martin DP, Brown JK, Navas-Castillo J, Moriones E, Zerbini FM, Rivera-Bustamante R, Malathi VG, Briddon RW, Varsani A (2013) A genome-wide pairwise-identity-based proposal for the classification of virus in the genus Mastrevirus (Geminiviridae). 157, 393399 (2009). Agric. Virus incidence was found in all agro-climatic zone of Uttar Pradesh and the incidence and distribution of the infected cucurbits viruses were varied based on the region of the collecting areas (i.e., the greater the growing area, the more the diseased samples collected). Diverse virus infection was observed only in samples tested from the Eastern Plain zone, Central zone and North-Eastern Plain zone while samples collected from the rest of the zones were positive for only potyviruses and CGMMV. Sambrook, J., Fritsch, E. F. & Maniatis, T. Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual 2nd edn. & Stephenson, A. G. Experimental verification of seed transmission of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus. Whitefly transmission of ToLCNDV from microplot grow-out test plants. 4D). Total DNA was extracted from leaf tissues (100mg) of both symptomatic and non-symptomatic plants using the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method as described by Doyle and Doyle35 and subjected to PCR amplification using universal Begomovirus primer pair PAL1c1960/PAR1v722 (Table 4). Similar analysis of WBNV isolates infecting round melon and watermelon typically displayed the same centre of origin with northern India isolates reported earlier and are clearly distinct from the southern India isolates (Fig. Diseased plants show many abnormally little leaves, which fail to attain full size. PMC Disclaimer. Epub 2016 Oct 17. & Berendsen, M. Development of a general potexvirus detection method. CAS In severe cases, these spread, coalesce and cover both the surfaces of the leaves and spread also to the petioles, stem, etc. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Chayote yellow mosaic Benin betasatellite DNA molecule and consists of 1367 nt (KT454829) is associated with ChaYMV (Zhou 2013). Atmos. Altschul, S. F., Gish, W., Miller, W., Myers, E. W. & Lipman, D. J. Plant Dis 97:1516, CrossRef Bitter Gourd Mosaic: This virus disease is mostly confined to the leaves. Virol. The optimum numbers of power values were 7.59, 1, 5.28, 1 and 1 for Polerovirus, CGMMV, Potyvirus, Begomovirus and overall disease incidence, respectively. CAS https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-020-00210-5, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-020-00210-5. Queens of the Stone Age will bring Phantogram, Viagra Boys, the Armed, and Savages' Jehnny Beth on their fall North American tour. The next to Begomovirus, Potyvirus was detected among 254 samples collected from 10 cucurbit crops (except watermelon, satputia, musk melon and round melon). 901952 (Academic Press, 2012). Plant Dis. 96, 1705 (2012). Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Proposed technique. Symptoms. In this, transmission of viruses associated with BGYMD causing typical blistering, yellowing and mosaic symptoms were studied. The viruses associated with BGYMD were sap and whitefly transmitted but failed to be transmitted by aphid and seed transmission methods. Google Scholar, Glasa M, Pittnerova S (2006) Complete genome sequence of a Slovak isolate of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) provides further evidence of a close molecular relationship among central European ZYMV isolates. In cucurbits, Begomovirus infection was the most identified, infecting 523 samples collected from thirteen different cucurbit crops across the UP state. Accessed 23 Mar 2019, Bale DG (2015) Studies on the yellow mosaic disease of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) M.Sc. Google Scholar, Cabrera-Mederos D, Giolitti FJ, Portal O (2015) First report of papaya ringspot virus W infecting Momordica charantia in Cuba. Bitter gourd (colloquial: bitter melon; Momordica charantia L.) of the family Cucurbitaceae is one of India's primary vegetable crops grown for its medicinally important fruits. Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. It is widely grown throughout South-east Asian countries including . Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. In the last decade, in India, the crop was affected by a severe yellow mosaic disease. There was 43.3% initial seed transmission in the microplot, increasing to 70% after release of 60 whiteflies. CGMMV infection in plants of Momordica charantia was reported from India (Pooja Kumari et al. M1 Kb Ladder, L1L5H2 Embryo samples; L6PC. Bitter gourd plants treated withBougainvillea spectabilischallengeinoculated with BGYMV reduced the disease incidence and increased the plant growth. Around 200 farmers fields were visited during the sampling and a total of 563 samples from 14 different cucurbit crops suspected to have virus infection were collected by following relevant guidelines and permission from respective farmers for analysis (Supplementary Table 1; Supplementary Fig. Aust Plant Dis Notes 5(1):1416, Rajinimala N, Rabindran R (2007) First report of Indian cassava mosaic virus on bittergourd (Momordica charantia) in Tamil Nadu, India. Distribution of viruses infecting cucurbit crops and isolation of potential new virus-like sequences from weeds in Oklahoma. Int. First report of Squash leaf curl virus in cucurbits in Lebanon. -, Walker P.J., Siddell S.G., Lefkowitz E.J., Mushegian A.R., Adriaenssens E.M., Dempsey D.M., Dutilh B.E., Harrach B., Harrison R.L., Hendrickson R.C., et al. The formula to calculate the weights is given as follows: p is power parameter which reduces with increasing distance, di0 is the distance between the prediction location (S0) and each of the measured locations (Si). Arch Virol 5:845867, Sharma S (2014) Survival, detection and management of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) infecting cucurbits in Punjab. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. } He armed himself with a balaclava, latex gloves, condoms and Viagra pills and posed as a cab driver in a Mercedes to roam the streets of Brighton, East Sussex. 6E) were observed. Phylogenetic analysis of polerovirus sequence showed 2 distinct clades of poleroviruses, one comprising CABYV and MABYV and the other comprising LABYV (Fig. In the abovetreatment the disease incidence. Yellow mosaic virus diseases of bitter gourd. J Plant Pathol 99(2). VIROCON 2016, Bangalore, 810 Dec 2016, pp 140 (PPPV46), Leke WN, Mignouna DB, Brown JK, Fondong VN (2016) First report of Chayote yellow mosaic virus infecting Bittermelon (Momordica charantia) exhibiting yellow mosaic symptoms in Benin, Nigeria and Togo. Indian Phytopathology 73, 329337 (2020). Focus 12(13), 3940 (1990). Kil EJ, Vo TTB, Fadhila C, Ho PT, Lal A, Troiano E, Parrella G, Lee S. Plants (Basel). Further our study shows the predominance of mixed infection (64%) over single infection (32%) in infected samples. Int. This virus is mostly confined to the leaves. PubMed Central Similarly, limited occurrence of CMV in cucurbits from commercial growers among the several viruses tested has been documented earlier15,27. Fat: 0 grams Carbohydrates: 5 grams Fiber: 3 grams Sugar: 0 grams Plant Pathol 57:390, Zhou X (2013) Advances in understanding begomovirus satellites. Fig. Viruses belonging to these genera are mainly transmitted by insect-vectors, although seed transmission has been reported in some species belonging to the genera Potyvirus, Cucumovirus, and Tobamovirus12,13,14. Available online: agricoop.nic.in/sites/default/files/Horticulture%20Statistics%20at%20a%20Glance-2018.pdf. Thesis, Mahatma Phule Krishi Vidyapeeth, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India, Clark FM, Adams NA (1977) Characteristics of the micro-plates methods of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for detection of plant viruses. On the lower surface of the leaves circular patches or spots appear. Res. J. Virol. and JavaScript. Kumar, S., Stecher, G. & Tamura, K. MEGA7: Molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help popupWin=window.open('multi.html','remote','width=525,height=500,top=100,left=100,location=no') Symptoms: first appear as white powdery residue primarily on the upper leaf surface. Use the Previous and Next buttons to navigate the slides or the slide controller buttons at the end to navigate through each slide. Around 75% area of Uttar Pradesh state fall under 1025% disease incidence category for Begomovirus, Potyvirus and CGMMV whereas majority area of the polerovirus infection falls under 2550% disease incidence category (Table 3). 3 Biotech. The proposed technique consists of mainly two stages, first stage was leaf identification and second stage was disease gradation. 99, 1016 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1111/ppa.12260 (2014). In: National symposium on emerging scenario in vegetable research and development, p182, Raj SK, Khan MS, Singh R, Kumari N, Prakash D (2005) Occurrence of yellow mosaic geminiviral disease on bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) and its impact on phytochemical contents. Arch Virol 157:739745, Fukumoto F, Terami F, Ishii M (1993) Zucchini yellow mosaic virus isolated from wax gourd (Benincasa hispida Cogn.) Mansilla, P. J. et al. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to perform a comprehensive analysis of the occurrence, distribution and genetic diversity of viruses infecting cucurbit crops across Uttar Pradesh, India. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate. Furthermore, phylogenetic tree generated based on the coat protein region of PRSV formed separate clades from the previously reported isolates from various countries including India (except an Indian PRSV-W strain, EU475877) (Fig. Similarly, sequence analysis using the BLASTn programme of the Nib region showed association of three potyvirus species (PRSV, ZYMV and ZTMV). Google Scholar, Kumari P, Pavithra BS, Krishna Reddy M (2016) Identification of viruses infecting bitter gourd. 103(6), 1441 (2019). Article Before Google Scholar. The top three to five hits against each database were included in the analysis for each sequence. In this, transmission of viruses associated with BGYMD causing typical blistering, yellowing and mosaic symptoms were studied. The family Cucurbitaceae comprises 825 species in 118 genera1, of which about 100 species belonging to 37 genera are reported to be present in India. Indian J Virol 24:289290, Khan JA, Siddiqui MK, Singh BP (2002) The association of begomovirus with bitter melon in India. Mohanan, A., Sharma, A. PubMed A., Bruton, B. D., Fish, W. W. & Ali, A. Being a new virus to India, ZTMV isolates were found to have a close relationship with France isolates (Fig. Identification, distribution and incidence of viruses in field-grown cucurbit crops of Iran. J. Mol. To study the seed transmission, two sources-seeds of elite hybrids H1, H2, H3, H4, and Co1 procured from a seed market; and seeds from infected plants in the farmer's field were tested. 138, 7390 (2014). Women's health is once again the center of a political ping-pong match with evidence-based science on one side and anti-choice advocates on the other. IARI, New Delhi, p 22, Glasa M, Kollerova E (2007) Two biologically distinct isolates of Zucchini yellow mosaic virus lack seed transmissibility in cucurbits. https://doi.org/10.4454/jpp.v99i2.3870, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IIHR, Bengaluru, India, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, IIOR and IIMR, Hyderabad, India, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India, USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD, USA, You can also search for this author in Plant Dis 92:11191123, Ali I, Malik AH, Mansoor S (2010) First report of Tomato leaf curl Palampur virus on bitter gourd in Pakistan. Increased incidence of the disease and appearance of symptoms even in . The Romance Retreat will see a group of single parents looking . This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution. Trends Biosci 7:39253931, Nagendran K, Mohankumar S, Aravintharaj R, Balaji CG, Manoranjitham SK, Singh AK, Rai AB, Singh B, Karthikeyan G (2017) The occurrence and distribution of major viruses infecting cucurbits in Tamil Nadu state, India. Interestingly, within 15 days of inoculation the tomato plants showed ToLCNDV symptoms, such as yellowing of top leaves, upward curling, and crinkling of . ICTV virus taxonomy profile: Geminiviridae. Plant Pathol. Plant Dis. Therefore, different sets of primer pairs were used for potyvirus detection (Table 4). Acta Phytopathol Entomol Hung 40:12, Rajinimala N, Rabindran R, Ramaiah M (2009) Management of Bitter gourd yellow mosaic virus (BGYMV) by using virus inhibiting chemical, biocontrol agents, antiviral principles (AVP) and insecticide. Arch. ZYMV isolates from the current study were closely related to previously reported Indian isolates regardless of host, geographic location and year of collection as documented by Chikh-Ali et al.16 in Syria. The widespread distribution of PRSV in single and mixed infections among tested samples indicated that it is an already established virus rather than a recent introduction. A new virus disease on bitter gourd (Momordica charantia). Methods 170(12), 106114 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97232-4, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97232-4. The current match involves a Texas lawsuit . For more details of ChaYMV, refer to Sechium edule. Encyclopedia of Plant Viruses and Viroids, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-3912-3_598, Reference Module Biomedical and Life Sciences, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. 2). 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