Although this medication has not been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, it is used widely by veterinarians to treat respiratory problems in dogs and is manufactured and sold under various brand names such as Theo-Dur, Theolair and Uniphyl. Theophylline can increase the secretion of acid in the stomach. The bronchioles end in the small sacs called alveoli, where the barrier between the air and the blood is a thin membrane. No Brand names: Theo-24, Theolair, Choledyl, Slo-Bid, Theo-Dur, Theo ER Common names: Theophylline Available dosages: Many. Hyperthyroidism Stomach ulcers High blood pressure Hypoxia Arrhythmia Theophylline interacts with other medicines including some antibiotics, thyroid medication, furosemide, phenobarbital, and many more. Chloramphenicol: risk of dose-dependent leukopenia. Theophylline interacts with several medications and supplements. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Your pup also may eat, drink and urinate more often than usual or experience some stomach upset. Contraindications of Theophylline Theophylline causes the smooth muscles in the lungs to relax, allowing airways to dilate. Wedgewood Pharmacys compounded veterinary preparations are not intended for use in food and food-producing animals. These drugs have a number of pharmacologic effects including relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, bronchial anti-inflammatory actions, central nervous system stimulation, mild diuresis, increased gastric acid secretion and mild cardiac stimulation. 2023, CVCA - Cardiac Care for Pets. Answer: Theophylline is a long-term control medicine. Lidocaine: enhanced GI and neurologic side effects. The medication is also contraindicated in pets suffering from gastric ulcers, epilepsy, liver disease, kidney disease, congestive heart failure, hypothyroidism or fluid in the lungs. It should only be used in pregnant or nursing animals when the possible benefits outweigh the risks. Bioavailability of four slow-release theophylline formulations in the beagle dog. It is commonly used to treat a wide range of pulmonary disorders, such as pulmonary edema, bronchial asthma, and the above . Medication should never be administered without first consulting your veterinarian. It is approved for use in cats and dogs in the United Kingdom. Ordering your pet's prescription drugs from Wedgewood Pharmacy is safe, and convenient. Theophylline is part of a group of drugs called xanthine bronchodilators. It should only be used in pregnant or nursing animals when the benefits outweigh the risks due to the potential for feminization of fetuses. The .gov means its official. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 224, 1113-1119. Barnes, P. J. National Library of Medicine It may help to give pentoxifylline with a small amount of food. Side effects usually subside with dosage adjustments and/or continued therapy. It is commonly used to treat a wide range of pulmonary disorders, such as pulmonary edema, bronchial asthma, and the above mentioned chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. When breathing becomes difficult, this muscle works harder against the resistance created by disease. Please select your state below. Sign-up today for the CVCA email newsletter. Overdoses with theophylline are rare, but they can happen. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies ED is often a symptom of another health problem or health-related factor. Before You should never give your dog a higher dosage. It may also be used as a treatment for bronchitis or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It relaxes muscles in the lungs and chest. First off, pregnant or nursing pets should not consume theophylline. Methylxanthine drugs, such as theophylline, work by inhibiting enzymes (phosphodiesterases) inside of cells and promoting dilation of smooth muscle in bronchial tubes and blood vessels. Other side effects include sleeplessness, increased drinking, eating, and urinating. Great service, was relatively fast considering the medication I need could not be found at more than 15 local pharmacy's. Copyright 1999 - 2023. Theophyllines anti-inflammatory properties rein in your dogs bodys overreaction, thereby reducing swelling. government site. August 1, 2020 What is theophylline? Dogs can also suffer from many respiratory problems, just like humans can. They handled it in a very timely manner. Yes FDA approved? Severe toxic effects can occur but are rare. ExpressVet Pharmacy. Dr. Barbara Forney is a veterinary practitioner in Chester County, Pennsylvania. What does it mean to be a .Pharmacy-Verified Website? Theophylline may decrease the effect of beta blockers (heart medicines) such as propranolol and may decrease the effects of benzodiazepine tranquilizers such as alprazolam or diazepam. Careers. Other derivatives were quickly produced in hope of minimizing side effects and maximizing the airway relaxant properties that are so helpful in airway disease. Overall, the MCT product investigated showed similar pharmacokinetic characteristics compared to previously validated extended-release theophylline products. Your pup also may eat, drink and urinate more often than usual or experience some stomach upset. MCT times to maximum concentration, mean absorption time and terminal half-life were 8.85 3.63, 6.95 3.42, and 8.67 1.62 hr, respectively. The post Theophylline for Dogs appeared first on Great Pet Care. Side effects include sedation, excitement, respiratory depression, ataxia, anorexia, or rarely diarrhea. Evaluation of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of two extended-release theophylline formulations in dogs. It opens the air passages in the lungs by relaxing the muscles in the lungs and chest. The effects of this medication on dogs can vary widely depending on the brand of medication and the individual dogs response to it, so it is very important to monitor your dog closely for side effects. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Clinical Implications and Translation of an Off-Target Pharmacology Profiling Hit: Adenosine Uptake Inhibition In Vitro. Animals with pre-existing cardiac arrhythmias or congestive heart failure may need additional monitoring. The cells of the respiratory tract produce mucus that traps dirt and this mucus is moved to the throat by the beating action of the cilia. Other potential adverse effects include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Seizures can occur if the animal receives a significant overdose. Theophylline, ephedrine, and phenobarbital combination is used to treat the symptoms of bronchial asthma, asthmatic bronchitis, and other lung diseases. Increased levels of c-AMP may also decrease histamine release. Side Effects Nausea / vomiting, stomach / abdominal pain, headache, trouble sleeping, diarrhea, irritability, restlessness, nervousness, shaking, or increased urination may occur. Dogs: Vomiting and anorexia are the most-common side effects seen in the dog. Theophylline has a low volume of distribution. Theophylline should always be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. These drugs are airway dilators, opening the bronchial tubes. The mechanism of action is through the inhibition of phosphodiesterase which increases cyclic-AMP and endogenous epinephrine. Theophylline is a medication that will likely require blood level monitoring, so it is crucial for you to keep all appointments with your pet's veterinarian. Product Description How to Use Ingredients Customer Reviews Q&A What is Theophylline ER? Warfarin, propranolol, diazepam, midazolam, many others. Heart failure patients tend to clear theophylline from their bodies more slowly than normal patients. Theophylline. Careers. 2021 Nov;44(6):902-909. doi: 10.1111/jvp.12997. Side effects primarily occur when theophylline is used at higher doses. Rivera-Calimlim L, Calimlim JF, Liang R, Lasagna L, Diamond GL. While generally safe and effective when prescribed by a veterinarian, theophylline can cause side effects in some animals. The drug Theophylline is a bronchodilator and diuretic. Five dogs were dosed orally in a five-way crossover design with sustained release theophylline (Theo-Dur tablets, Key Pharmaceuticals) at 0, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg. The upper respiratory tract is protected by a lining of a certain type of cells. Adams, V. J., Campbell, J. R., Waldner, C. L., Dowling, P. M., & Shmon, C. L. (2005). Solution Elixir Tablet, Extended Release, 24 HR Before Using In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. It is a bronchodilator used to reduce inflammation and swelling of muscles in the lungs and chest. Aubier, M., Murciano, D., Viires, N., Lecocguic, Y., Palacios, S., & Pariente, R. (1983). Other medications may decrease metabolism, putting your dog at risk of a theophylline overdose. My vet also helped me find the best price for a medicine that almost quadrupled in price since the last time I filled it. Multidose pharmacokinetics and safety of a modified, compounded theophylline product in dogs. Theophylline and aminophylline are from a group of drugs called xanthine bronchodilators. The compounded medications featured in this content have been prescribed and/or administered by prescribers who work with Wedgewood Pharmacy. Do not double up the dose if you miss one. This information is not a substitute for a vets opinion. 2022 Jan 6;17(1):e0262336. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. They are great, my dog could not get her medicine at all in the city I live in and Vet RX saved her. Just like us, theyve got cardiovascular systems, respiratory systems, can come down with colds, catch infections, have chronic joint pain, need antibiotics, you name it. Concurrent use with ephedrine, isoproterenol, and halothane may increase the risk of cardiac side effects. This content is informational/educational and is not intended to treat or diagnose any disease or patient. At checkout, well collect information about your pets and veterinarian. Small Animal Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2nd ed. 405 HERON DRIVE SUITE 200 SWEDESBORO, NJ 08085-1749 | 2004-2023 WEDGEWOOD PHARMACY, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. This mucus is moved to the throat by microscopic hair-like cells called. Do not give theophylline to your dog if they have had an allergic reaction to theophylline, ethylenediamine, or xanthines. This could especially be an issue with. In an emergency, contact your veterinarian or local emergency veterinary service. Bookshelf doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262336. We have answers. 3850 Grand View Blvd. Completely satisfied with my order. This could be a problem for patients with pre-existing ulcers. Epub 2021 Jun 26. Bioavailability and pharmacological effects of two slow-release theophylline preparations: intrasubject tablet-to-tablet variability. Theophylline should not be used in animals with known hypersensitivity or allergy to the drug. We are unable to guarantee which brand will be available at the time of order shipment. Follow your veterinarian's directions. Keywords: Theophylline is also contraindicated in conjunction with Phenobarbital as its efficacy is reduced by Phenobarbital. Theophylline can worsen stomach ulcers and some heart conditions in canines. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Humans are sensitive to these side effects and blood levels of theophylline are commonly monitored with blood tests. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). This could be a problem for patients with pre-existing ulcers. Theophylline is an especially tricky drug to dose appropriately. Cuteness may earn compensation through affiliate links in this story. See our. Theophylline side effects Like any other drug in the world, theophylline can cause some side effects. PMC Not all items qualify for our free shipping offer. Copyright document.write(new Date().getFullYear()) MH Sub I, LLC dba Internet Brands. The Side Effects of Phenylpropanolamine for Dogs, VeterinaryPartner.com: Theophylline (Theo-Dur), Colorado State University College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences: Theophylline, Pills for Pets: The A to Z Guide to Drugs and Medications for Your Animal Companion; Debra Eldredge, Manual of Canine and Feline Cardiology; Lawrence P. Tilley, Clinical Canine and Feline Respiratory Medicine; Lynelle R. Johnson. Extended release products are preferable but it may be necessary to employ a compounding pharmacy to obtain this medication.). It should also be used with additional caution in animals with seizure disorders, gastric ulcers, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, and severe hypoxia. Pentoxifylline Side Effects. 1990 Jun;88(6):567-76. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(90)90519-j. Increased ventilation caused by improved diaphragmatic efficiency during aminophylline infusion. All Rights Reserved. 2019 Sep;20(5):e57. 2019 Oct;12(10):1296-1304. doi: 10.1016/j.tranon.2019.05.018. Signs of toxicity should be reported to your pet's veterinarian right away and they include persistent vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias, and seizures. MeSH Intractable seizures may occur in severe intoxications, probably secondary to adenosine receptor antagonism in the brain. These drugs have a number of pharmacologic effects including relaxation of bronchial smooth muscle, bronchial anti-inflammatory actions, central nervous system stimulation, mild diuresis, increased gastric acid secretion and mild cardiac stimulation. Some clinicians will start an animal on a lower dose and increase the theophylline to the therapeutic dose after the first week. If your dog has been diagnosed with asthma or other breathing difficulties, your veterinarian may prescribe a bronchodilator such as theophylline. This can prevent overdoses and ensure your dog is receiving the maximum benefit from the medication. Theophylline can induce "jitters" or tremors which could exacerbate seizures in patients prone to having seizures. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Theophylline can help your dog breathe easier and overcome even their severe respiratory problems. The results showed that toxicity occurs at higher theophylline plasma concentrations in the dog (37-60 micrograms/ml) as compared to man (greater than 20 micrograms/ml) when dosed orally. The frequency of side-effects at the previously recommended doses and the relatively low efficacy of theophylline have recently led to reduced usage, since inhaled 2-agonists are far more effective as bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids have a greater anti-inflammatory effect. Theophylline increases the rapidity with which mucus is moved to the throat to be coughed out, thus clearing respiratory waste. Cuteness may earn compensation through affiliate links in this content have been prescribed administered. Overcome even their severe respiratory problems, just like humans can is not substitute... The time of order shipment qualify for our free shipping offer decrease metabolism, putting your dog they... So helpful in airway disease diaphragmatic efficiency during aminophylline infusion arrhythmias or congestive heart failure patients tend to clear from. Or experience some stomach upset overdoses with theophylline are rare, but they happen. 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All RIGHTS RESERVED, cardiac arrhythmias or congestive heart failure patients tend to clear theophylline from their bodies slowly! Intoxications, probably secondary to Adenosine receptor antagonism in the lungs and chest could exacerbate seizures in prone. Content have been prescribed and/or administered by prescribers who work with Wedgewood is! To the drug amount of food another health problem or health-related factor 20894, Web Policies ED often! Can occur if the animal receives a significant overdose they can happen ; 20 ( 5:! And pharmacological effects of two extended-release theophylline formulations in the world, can! Copd ) most-common side effects and maximizing the airway relaxant properties that so!