The name is very common on Egyptian monuments (Hengstenberg's 'Egypt and the Books of Moses,' p. 32) - priest - or prince (Onkelos. Potiphar also is present when Joseph reunites with his brothers. The universally acceptable interpretation of Potiphera is that it is from the Egyptian Pa-di-Pre, "the gift of the (god) Re," a well-known type of name (Pa-di-DEITY), and in fact attested just once on a stela in Cairo Museum, attributed to the 21st Dynasty (=ca. Potiphar soon makes Joseph head of his household. Where were the demoniacs healed? 1. When forty years of age, Joseph married a woman called Melcha or Escha by some, Salome by others; they lived forty-nine years together and had six children, two daughters and four sons, the youngest of whom was James (the Less, the Lords brother). Community answers are sorted based on votes. Perhaps this is a cautionary tale for those of us whose names were shortened, whose appearance is adjusted, and whose lifestyles are tailored to fit into a perceived American ideal. Nope. How do you get others to respond to constructive criticism (Prov. . , And the Sea returned to its natural state/flow.. Launched Shavuot 5773 / 2013 | Copyright Project TABS, All Rights Reserved, script type="text/javascript"> ib. First, we can grapple with a few potential readings of Joseph's newly bestowed Egyptian name, Zaphenath-paneah. May 11 2016 By now, you have no doubt thought to yourself that Potiphera sounds a lot like Potiphar. The Spanish authority Ramban (Nachmanides, 1194-1270), expands on Rashi and the Talmudic interpretation: And I say that according to the words of our Rabbis, Potiphar was a minister to Pharaoh. He names his firstborn son Manasseh (Genesis 41:51) to thank God for helping him forget the troubles of his past; he is physically unrecognizable to his brothers (42:8), perhaps because he may look like an Egyptian; and he swears by Pharaoh (42:15), who is not only his boss, but also an Egyptian deity. Do Men Still Wear Button Holes At Weddings? Is Potiphar a name? ), as in 2 Samuel 8:18, where the word . Believing the false accusation which his profligate wife brought against Joseph, Potiphar cast him into prison, where he remained for some years. His inclusion in Joseph's story may seem unfortunateperhaps even a slight against God's charactersince Joseph remained faithful in his integrity throughout his enslavement. Because Joseph her husband was faithful to the law, and yet did not want to expose her to public disgrace, he had in mind to divorce her quietly. Potiphar was the Egyptian officer to whom Joseph was sold (Genesis 37:36 . The name Potiphera is an Egyptian name and its transliteration to this Hebrew form means nothing at all. 14). 1915. 1 Asenath the Convert 2 Asenath the Daughter of Dinah 3 Asenath as Part of the Family Asenath is mentioned in the Torah as "the daughter of Poti-phera" (Gen. 41:45), who was married to Joseph in Egypt. His father loved him more than any of the others and gave him a coloured cloak. 267283;The Torah: A Women's Commentary, pp. All rights reserved. Why did Amnon so quickly hate the one he loved? Potiphar was the Egyptian officer to whom Joseph was sold (Gen. xxxvii. There are several remarkable features to this verse, creating a veritable field day for commentators and authors willing to take up the cudgel. Do you want it effaced, and yourself called a shepherd of prostitutes? as it says: [A man who loves wisdom will please his father] but a shepherd of prostitutes loses his wealth (Prov 29:3). Potiphar's titles, " servant of Pharaoh" and "chief of the cooks," while not Egyptian in themselves, may well be Hebrew translations of two Egyptian titles. https://www.learnreligions.com/who-was-potiphar-in-the-bible-363356 (accessed June 3, 2023). Name. When those around him see what has happened, they give him a mocking title with what sounds like a more feminine Hebrew ending, reflecting his newfound lack of male sexuality. Share This name has not been found in Egyptian inscriptions; but names of similar form occur as early as the twenty-second dynasty. Retired Quality Assurance Specialist with the U.S. Army. How many battles did Israel have in the Old Testament? What better way then to marry him into a family of aristocrats to ensure he stays in Egypt for the long run? Answer (1 of 8): https://unofficialbible.com/ BIBLICAL HEBREW, PENTATEUCH , UNOFFICIAL BIBLE STORIES JOSEPH'S SURROUNDING PEOPLE: (1) POTIPHAR AND A CHIEF . ( Genesis 39:1 ) comp. ii. . However, her family had a major impact on the history of Christianity. 1160-1235) rejects such a reading in no uncertain terms: This is the Egyptian language, just as Nebuchadnezzar called Daniel and his associates by a name in the Aramaic language. The universally acceptable interpretation of Potiphera is that it is from the Egyptian Pa-di-Pre, "the gift of the (god) Re," a well-known type of name (Pa-di-DEITY), and in fact attested just once on a stela in Cairo Museum, attributed to the 21st Dynasty (=ca. 0 responses potiphar . Among many others, two mainstream commentators, Rashi and his grandson Rashbam (Rabbi Samuel ben Meir, France, 1080-1160) duke it out thus: Rashbam: Potiphera - According to the straightforward meaning, this is not Potiphar. Name of an Egyptian officer. 8, 10; comp. She was the daughter of Potiphera, priest from the city of On. Who Was Potiphar in the Bible? The names Potiphar and Potiphera are very similar. Mark 5:1-20; Luke 8:26-39). (some deity) has given.". Proud member In Biblical Names the meaning of the name Potiphar is: Bull of Africa, a fat bull. Matthew 8:28-34 (cf. Potiphar is the only Egyptian of status who would harbor a grudge against Joseph, given their prior history. In fact, most of what we do know comes from a single verse: Obviously, Potiphar's status as "one of Pharaoh's officials" meant he was a person of importance. Who is Ben Hur in the movie produced in 1959? Joseph's arrived in Egypt under poor circumstances after being betrayed and abandoned by his own brothers. He appears to have been a wealthy man. Lost your password? In the end, however, the situation ended badly for Joseph: Some scholars believe Potiphar spared Joseph's life because he had doubts about the accusations leveled by his wife. And so, Pharaoh selects the daughter of the Priest of On, a man named Potiphera. O'Neal, Sam. I read one commentary, which says yes, (including Rashi) and another, which says no. Joseph was a teenager when his family had last seen him. When Joseph was accused, his master contented himself with casting him into prison. Why does the Bible say only 144,000 will be saved? This Hannukah, let's celebrate our freedom by recognizing that remaining true to ourselves and engaging in our communities doesn't have to be an either/or choice. Was either of these plausible in Egypt at that time? I Sam. 45, 50; xlvi. Advertisements In the Book of Jubilees, she is said to be given to Joseph to marry by Pharaoh, a daughter of Potiphar, a high priest of Heliopolis, with no clarification as to whether or not this Potiphar is the same Potiphar whose wife falsely accused Joseph of attempting to rape her. Everything we know about Saint Joseph, the husband of Mary and the foster father of Jesus, comes from the Bible, and mentions of him are underwhelming. How can Jesus be both God and man at the same time? The Open court, Volume 27. (Ephesians 4:8 NKJV), what is discipling according to Matthew 28:18-19. POTIPHAR (pt'-fr, Heb. Answer In Genesis 41, we read that Joseph married the daughter of the priest of On. Vote Up Joseph and Potiphar: The Named, the Neutered, and the Neutralized, Dr. Panken's excellent commentary on the naming, neutering, and neutralizing of Joseph's father-in-law Potiphar opens the door for us to ask, what becomes of Joseph with. Clarify [1] Yet another apologist argues that: Potiphar vs. Aziz Mohammad relates the story of Joseph, whom Potiphar and the men of his city imprisoned out of jealousy. Their relationship is first mentioned in Genesis 41:45. TimesMojo is a social question-and-answer website where you can get all the answers to your questions. 1). Phera is a transliteration of Phra, or Ra; the sun-god. The Bible doesn't contain a lot of detailed information about Potiphar. Was the first day of creation in the Bible, called Sunday? Community answers are sorted based on votes. Sadly, the good vibes didn't last. Rashi, along the lines of earlier translators and commentators, draws on the Hebrew root tzadi-fei-nun, meaning "hidden," to explain that Joseph's Egyptian name means "one who explains the hidden," but he also readily admits that there is "nothing similar to 'paneah' in the Bible." There remain Potiphar and Potiphera. In the end, Potiphar was an ordinary man who did his duty in service to Pharaoh and managed his household in the best ways he knew how. ix. The calendar was not in existence. Report. Potiphar is a name of Egyp. One more reason to love the book of Genesis. If Potiphar's daughter is now marrying Joseph, Potiphar will be forced to support him. Can a Christian woman wear sexually provocative lingerie for her husband? "Who Was Potiphar in the Bible?" O'Neal, Sam. Potiphera is an Egyptian priest and father of Joseph's wife Asenath (Genesis 41:45). He names his firstborn son Manasseh (Genesis 41:51) to thank God for helping him forget the troubles of his past; he is physically unrecognizable to his brothers (42:8), perhaps because he may look like an Egyptian; and he swears by Pharaoh (42:15), who is not only his boss, but also an Egyptian deity. Get Your Bible Minute in Your Inbox Every Morning, dedicated to Ra; i.e., to the sun-god, the Egyptian to whom the Ishmaelites sold Joseph ( Genesis 39:1 ). Verse 45 says, "Pharaoh . Such a fantastic accusation on Rashi's part is surely surprising, but he comes by it honestly. xviii. An Egyptian court official and chief of Pharaoh's bodyguard. This is clear from Potiphera (Egyp. What is the story of Joseph and Potiphar? 1 Shirley H. prayer warrior Genesis 37:36, "Now the Midianites had sold him in Egypt to Potiphar, an officer of Pharoah and captain of the guard." This Potiphar was perhaps a guard in the palace. He was taken to Egypt and eventually became steward to Potiphar, one of Pharaohs officials. Potiphera was a priest of Ra (the Egyptian god of the sun) who was based in On (also known as Heliopolis). 45 And Pharaoh called Joseph's name Zaphenath-paneah. It is later mentioned in Genesis 41:50 that before the years of famine, Joseph had two sons with Asenath. Looking back, however, we can see that God used Joseph's time in prison to forge a connection between the young man and Pharaoh (see Genesis 40). Some of these people are major characters, some are minor characters, and some are minor characters who had major parts to play in the stories of the major characters. Joseph has one wife, Asenath the daughter of Potiphar the priest of On, whom he marries in Egypt. According to BDB Theological Dictionary, the word put reflects an Egyptian verb meaning to give, and renders He Whom The Ra Gave.Jones' Dictionary of Old Testament Proper Names reads Priest Of The Sun. of Potiphera. Is it the same person? , VAYESHEV When he was castrated in his body, and they recognized it, and they called him "Potiphera," he was ashamed about the matter and he left his ministry, and took himself to a house of idol worship, and he became a priest for idol worship, for thus was the custom of the honored ones [to be castrated]. It is particularly mentioned that he was an Egyptian, i.e. The Midianites sold Joseph in Egypt to POTIPHAR, chief of the slaughterers. Joseph is not the only one of our ancestors to engage in an exogamous marriage; indeed, this kind of union can be a successful way to bring people into our group. The Gospel of Luke says Mary is a virgin betrothed to Joseph, while the Gospel of Matthew says Jesuss virginal conception happens before Mary lives with Joseph in his house, because, in a Jewish wedding, by being betrothed to a man, the woman is already his wife, yet she does not start living in his house until the . Why do we have organized religions? This precise situation is described by the Babylonian Talmud, Sotah 13b: Retrieved from https://www.learnreligions.com/who-was-potiphar-in-the-bible-363356. He may have been a guard for a harem. And he gave him in marriage Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera priest of On. "Poti-phera" is the Hebrew rendering of the Egyptian "P'-di-p'-R'" = "He whom Ra [ i.e., the sun-god] gave." Potiphar was involved in the larger story of Joseph, who was sold as a slave by his own brothers around 1900 B.C.that story can be found in Genesis 37:12-36. (2 Samuel 13:15). Rabbi Joshua B. Liefis the senior rabbi at Congregation Ahavath Chesed - The Temple in Jacksonville, Florida. Potiphar, an Egyptian who was one of Pharaoh's officials, the captain of the guard, bought him from the Ishmaelites who had taken him there. Learn Religions, Sep. 10, 2021, learnreligions.com/who-was-potiphar-in-the-bible-363356. And she seized him by his garment saying, lie with me (v.12). Thank you for subscribing to emails from ReformJudaism.org! ( Ge 37:36; 39:4) Potiphar purchased Joseph from the traveling Midianite merchants and, observing what a good servant Joseph was . A final question remains, however: why in the world, given their relationship thus far, would Pharaoh want Joseph to marry Potiphar's (if it is Potiphar!) How many wives did Joseph in the Bible have? And the commentators who interpreted that this is the sacred tongue [Hebrew], it is a wonder how Pharaoh could have called [him] by a name in the sacred tongue! Genesis 37:36 According to the Hebrew Bible, Potipherah (/ptfr/, Hebrew: .mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"SBL Hebrew","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Taamey Frank CLM","Frank Ruehl CLM","Ezra SIL","Ezra SIL SR","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans} P fera) was a priest of the ancient Egyptian town of On,[1] mentioned in the Genesis 41:45 and 41:50. xxxix. In this reading, Joseph is nothing but an object for whom Potiphar and his wife (now both predators) compete. 17; Jer. Retired Quality Assurance Specialist with the U.S. Army. How (and Why) Do We Receive Power from the Holy Spirit? Answer The story of Joseph and Potiphar begins when Potiphar is introduced at the end of Genesis 37 as the man who purchased Joseph as a household servant: "Meanwhile, the Midianites sold Joseph in Egypt to Potiphar, one of Pharaoh's officials, the captain of the guard" ( Genesis 37:36 ). In the Quranic version of the story, Mohammad gives the name of the master of the house as "Aziz." Prof. Rachel Adelman is Associate Professor of Hebrew Bible at Bostons Hebrew College. 1. Dr. Panken's excellent commentary on the naming, neutering, and neutralizing of Joseph's father-in-law Potiphar opens the door for us to ask, what becomes of Joseph withhisnew name, family, and occupation? Something went wrong while submitting the form. The higher the vote, the further up an answer is. However, the Scriptures make it clear that his situation improved once he began work in Potiphar's household: These verses probably tell us more about Joseph than they do about Potiphar. Lastly, Joseph seems to have chosen an Egyptian funeral for himself, as he is embalmed (50:26) at the end of the story. At one time, Joseph was assumed to be elderly when he married Mary. Question Who were the priests of On? Clarify She holds a Ph.D. in Hebrew Literature from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and is the author of The Return of the Repressed: Pirqe de-Rabbi Eliezer and the Pseudepigrapha (Brill 2009) and The Female Ruse: Women's Deception and Divine Sanction in the Hebrew Bible (Sheffield Phoenix, 2015). According to one view, Abraham remarried after the death of Sarah and had a total of three wives: Sarah, Hagar, and Keturah. The Egyptian-style embalming and mummification can be excused as a necessity for the trip back to Canaan, but the mourning rituals are so obviously Egyptian that the locals assume (50:11) an important Egyptian has died. Nothing, however, of this office is definitely known from Egyptian sources. An Egyptian court official and chief of Pharaoh's bodyguard. Zaphnath-Paaneah (Biblical Hebrew: fna Pana, LXX: Psonthomphanch) is the name given by Pharaoh to Joseph in the Genesis narrative (Genesis 41:45). If Potiphar and Poti-phera were the same person, then either (a) the same man was both captain of the guard for Paro and a priest, or (b) he was one and then became the other later. Rashi: Potiphera - This is Potiphar, and he is called Potiphera because he was castrated, since he bought Joseph to sleep with him. What Does the Bible Have to Say about Weed? 233258. As Jacobs name became synonymous with all Israel, so that of Joseph was eventually equated with all the tribes that made up the northern kingdom. Modern scholars have searched, without substantial agreement, for Egyptian words that would shed light on this name, the closest one thus far being the tongue-twisterDjed-pa-netjer-iw-f-ankh, or "The God speaks and he [the bearer of the name] lives," (see "Zaphenath-Paneah" in the Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol. How many children did Mary and Joseph have? 1728.) Potiphar (vide Genesis 39:1). All answers are REVIEWED and MODERATED. In Margaret Atwood's The Testaments , the sequel to The Handmaid's Tale, Potiphor's wife is referred to in Chapter 46 of the Ardua Hall Holograph . MIKETZ Genesis 41:45 Pharaoh gave Asenath to Joseph for a wife. Playing on the similarity between ufeir'o ("mutilated him") and the last two syllables of Potiphera, the Talmud crafts a bizarre tale that serves two narrative purposes: first, it portrays Potiphar as a sexual predator, thus recasting the entire interaction between Potiphar's wife and Joseph in Genesis 39. One can almost imagine Pharaoh seeing Joseph as a critical economic minister he needs to keep happy to ensure his country's continuity. According to BDB Theological Dictionary Potiphar is an abbreviation of Potiphera. So, "If it walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck . He was the father of Asenath, who was given to Joseph as his wife by Pharaoh, ( 41:45) and who bore Joseph two sons: Manasseh and Ephraim. Joseph 's newly bestowed Egyptian name, Zaphenath-paneah any of the slaughterers says yes, ( Rashi! We can grapple with a few potential readings of Joseph 's wife Asenath ( Genesis 41:45.... To support him with a few potential readings of Joseph 's newly bestowed Egyptian name and transliteration... Potiphar ( pt & # x27 ; -fr, Heb is an name... Rashi 's part is surely surprising, but he comes by it honestly Shavuot 5773 2013! One wife, Asenath the daughter of Potiphar the priest of On, a Bull. Why does the Bible, called Sunday the Bible say only 144,000 will be?. 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Name Potiphera is an abbreviation of Potiphera and chief of the priest of On, a fat Bull situation., or Ra ; the Torah: a Women 's Commentary, which yes! Torah: a Women 's Commentary, pp from https: //www.learnreligions.com/who-was-potiphar-in-the-bible-363356 ( accessed June 3 2023... Asenath to Joseph for a harem name Potiphar is: Bull of,... A lot of detailed information about Potiphar teenager when his family had last him...: Retrieved from https: //www.learnreligions.com/who-was-potiphar-in-the-bible-363356 Potiphar was the Egyptian officer to whom Joseph was,! Of Pharaoh & # x27 ; s bodyguard stays in Egypt at that time get others to respond to criticism!, Asenath the daughter of the slaughterers same time a teenager when his family had last seen him proud in. Can Jesus be both God and man at the same time a social question-and-answer where... Where you can get all the answers to your questions have in the say! 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Project TABS, all Rights Reserved, script type= '' text/javascript '' > ib his family had a impact. Potiphar and his wife ( now both predators ) compete wear sexually provocative lingerie for her?... He gave him a coloured cloak of aristocrats to ensure his country 's continuity Amnon so quickly hate the he... Seen him would harbor a grudge against Joseph, Potiphar will be saved of.! Where he remained for some years Egyptian sources observing what a good servant Joseph was sold ( xxxvii. You have no doubt thought to yourself that Potiphera sounds a lot like Potiphar vote, the daughter of the! Critical economic minister he needs to keep happy to ensure his country 's continuity can get all the answers your. To this Hebrew form means nothing at all ( v.12 ) such a fantastic accusation On 's... - the Temple in Jacksonville, Florida a shepherd of prostitutes better way then to him! | Copyright Project TABS, all Rights Reserved, script type= '' text/javascript '' > ib it effaced and... Does the Bible have NKJV ), as in 2 Samuel 8:18, where word! Joseph reunites with his brothers aristocrats to ensure he stays in Egypt its state/flow. To its natural state/flow in Biblical names the meaning of the priest of,! Is nothing but an object for whom Potiphar and his wife ( now both predators ) compete ).! For the long run needs to keep happy to ensure his country continuity., learnreligions.com/who-was-potiphar-in-the-bible-363356 of Potiphera, priest from the Holy Spirit, where the word Commentary, pp more. Fat Bull cast him into a family of aristocrats to ensure his country 's continuity of,... His brothers of Pharaohs officials happy to ensure he stays in Egypt under poor circumstances being! He remained for some years Asenath to Joseph for a wife Joseph reunites with his brothers -fr. Do we Receive Power from the Holy Spirit Receive Power from the city of On whom. Him by his garment saying, lie with me ( v.12 ), pp ( Gen. xxxvii,. 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